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''Bianca e Fernando'' (''Bianca and Fernando'') is an opera in two acts by Vincenzo Bellini. The original version of this opera was presented as ''Bianca e Gernando'' and was set to a libretto by Domenico Gilardoni, based on ''Bianca e Fernando alla tomba di Carlo IV, duca di Agrigento'' (''Bianca and Ferdinand at the Tomb of Charles IV, Duke of Agrigento''), a play by Carlo Roti which is set in Sicily. In 1826, use of the name ''Fernando'' in the title was forbidden because Ferdinando was the name of the heir to the throne, and no form of it could be used on a royal stage.〔 The 1826 work—Bellini's first professionally-staged opera—had its first performance at the Teatro di San Carlo in Naples on 30 May 1826.〔Weinstock 1971, pp. 30—34〕 Its success resulted the offer to the young composer from Domenico Barbaja, the Intendente at the San Carlo and also part of the management of La Scala opera house in Milan, of a commission to write a new opera for La Scala.〔 The revival of ''Bianca e Gernando'', with the title reverting to the original one proposed for the opera, came about after the success of ''Il pirata'' in Milan in October 1827. A commission came from Genoa in early 1828, too late for Bellini to write anything new. However, he did re-arrange the music to suit the singers' voices and in addition (as Galatopoulos states), Romani took on the re-construction of the libretto with the result that "out of the whole of Bianca, the only pieces entirely unchanged are the big duet and the romanza; everything else is altered, and about half of it is new".〔Romani to Florimo, approx. February 1828, in Galatopoulos 2002, p. 73〕 For this later production, Bellini specifically rejected a request by Gilardoni to revise the libretto, preferring instead Felice Romani, whom he regarded as the superior poet.〔〔Osborne 1994, p. 312–313〕 ==Performance history== The first version—Bellini's first professionally-staged opera and given as ''Bianca e Gernando''—had its first performance at the Teatro di San Carlo in Naples on 30 May 1826, while the revised version, given under its original title, ''Bianca e Fernando'', took place on the occasion of the opening of the new Teatro Carlo Felice in Genoa on 7 April 1828. It was presented in Rome on 1 July 1837. Weinstock includes an extract from the opera's publisher, Antonio Tosi, who "praised the leading singers and commented on the altitudes to which Bellini's later operas had raised him":〔Weinstock 1971, p. 241〕 :...he not only followed the method of those numerous servile imitators of the Rossinian style who, lacking that master's genius and distinction, remained unaware that in the fine arts, not copies, but creations are wanted, not imitations, but originality.〔Antonio Tosi, in Weinstock 1971, p. 241〕 The opera is rarely, if ever, performed today, although a recording exists of a 1991 performance at the Teatro Massimo Bellini in Catania.〔(Recording details )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bianca e Fernando」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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